Electric vehicles (EVs) run on batteries. There are a variety of vehicles available now, and a wider selection is expected over the next few years. But cost, infrastructure and range are main concerns.

The performance and quality of today's electric cars is directly related to the progress made in battery technology. Significant work is being done to increase the driving range (specific energy) and reduce the cost while maintaining or improving performance capabilities.

In comparing the emissions of an EV with those of a gasoline vehicle, it is important to consider the emissions of the electricity-generating source, the efficiency of that source and the vehicle itself. When an EV is charged with energy from a renewable generating station, only then will it truly be a zero-emission vehicle (ZEV).