Examines sectoral energy-use patterns and estimate the associated emission of key air pollutants in Kathmandu Valley in 1993, as well as the levels of pollutant emissions from fuel use in 2013 under business-as-usual (BAU) scenario. Total emissions of the selected pollutants are estimated to be over 63,000 tons in 1993, and to increase five fold by 2013 under the BAU scenario. The transport sector contributes the largest share of pollutants, followed by the household and industrial sectors. Among fuels, gasoline, fuelwood, and coal were the dominant contributors to the total emissions. CO was the dominant pollutant resulting from fuel use in the city.