There are to date more than 3.5 billion people, mostly in developing countries, who still rely on coal and biomass— such as wood, dung, and crop residues—as their main source of energy for both cooking and heating. Traditional sources of energy burned in simple stoves with no proper ventilation can be extremely polluting and cause serious environmental health problems (Smith, 2006). Women and children are at greater risk because of household responsibilities and increased exposure indoors (Dasgupta et al., 2004). This report provides a snapshot of indoor air pollution (IAP) interventions in two cold climate environments - Mongolia and China. It illustrates the different methodologies used for each of the cases and presents a comparative analysis of results and lessons learned.

URL: http://www.iges.or.jp/kitakyushu/mtgs/seminars/theme/uaqm/Presentations/Ulaanbaatar/Ulaanbaatar.doc